It means those life saving measures that are adopted by general public, under medical
emergencies, before the patient gets medical attention:
a. Cardiac Arrest
It is sudden and complete loss of heart function leading to unconsciousness. First aid
measures include:-
- Sharp blow to chest to start the heart
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Mouth to mouth breathing
B. Accidental Poisoning
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If the poison has been inhaled the patient should be taken into fresh air.
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If poison is applied on skin or eyes, they should be washed with water to remove
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the poison.
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If poison is swallowed, one can give oral adsorbents. Vomiting can be induced (if
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the patient is conscious and the poison is non-corrosive). In some cases milk or
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Water may be given to dilute the poison.
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The poison container with the residual poison should be taken to the hospital for
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Identification.
c. Fainting:
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The person should be made to lie flat with head turned to the side.
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All tight cloths should be loosened.
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Nothing should be given by mouth until consciousness is regained.
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Cold water may be sprinkled on the face for stimulation
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Patient should be covered with warm blankets.
d. Snake bite
- Don't move the limbs so that poison does not spread.
- A tight band should be applied a few centimetres above the wound. If it is
- Tightened due to swelling, it should be loosened and moved up.
- Take the patient to the nearest hospital to get anti snake venum.
e. Road side accident
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Apply pressure with a clean piece of cloth to stop bleeding.
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Don't move broken bones. A temporary splint may be applied.
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Move the patient gently to the hospital
f. Animal Bites
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Wash the wound with soap and water
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Capture the animal for observation if possible.
g. Bumps and Bruises
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Apply ice packs to prevent swelling.
h. Electrical Injuries
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Don't touch the patient.
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Remove the patient with a non-conductor material like rubber, leather, wood etc.
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Cut off source of current if possible
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Mouth to mouth breathing and closed chest cardiac massage may be needed.
i. Drowning
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Put the patient on his stomach to remove water and foreign bodies
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Mouth to mouth breathing and closed chest cardiac massage may be needed.
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Last Updated ( Wednesday, 14 December 2005 )
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